In various parts of Canada, a persistent virus known as canine distemper virus (CDV) has been wreaking havoc among raccoon populations for years, prompting concerns among wildlife experts and authorities.
Bill Dowd, the founder and CEO of Skedaddle Wildlife, describes how CDV can drastically alter raccoon behavior, likening infected raccoons to zombies. These animals may exhibit abnormal behavior such as fearlessness towards humans, standing upright on their hind legs, baring teeth, growling, and even appearing disoriented, like a “drunk raccoon.” CDV is often fatal for raccoons and can lead to aggressive behavior, especially if they feel cornered.
Dowd advises against attempting to approach or relocate an infected raccoon, as doing so could inadvertently spread the virus to other animals. Instead, he recommends contacting local authorities, such as the humane society, for assistance.
Nathalie Karvonen, the executive director of the Toronto Wildlife Centre animal hospital, highlights the prevalence of distemper virus among raccoons in Toronto for the past 15 to 20 years. Initially spread by pets, the virus has continued to proliferate among raccoon populations, posing a significant threat to their well-being.
Despite pets being vaccinated against CDV, there is currently no vaccination campaign targeting raccoons due to the inability of humans to contract the virus. Karvonen expresses sadness for the affected raccoons, emphasizing the urgency of addressing this ongoing issue.
Reports from Toronto Animal Services indicate a concerning rise in the number of service calls related to sick and injured raccoons in 2024, with a substantial increase compared to previous years. The warmer weather has led to increased animal activity, facilitating the spread of the virus among raccoons.
In addition to CDV, there have been concerns about rabies, particularly in Quebec, prompting vaccination campaigns to mitigate the risk of transmission. While Ontario has made significant strides in controlling rabies among raccoons, experts stress the importance of remaining vigilant and seeking medical attention promptly if scratched by a raccoon, as rabies shots may be necessary.
Furthermore, experts strongly discourage the adoption and domestication of raccoons, as these animals may become dependent on humans for food and pose risks due to their innate behaviors, such as clawing and door-opening abilities.